課程 一

展示

本課展示了一些在主要課程中未涉及的其他流行 LaTeX 宏包的示例。

本課程概述了 LaTeX 的核心功能。LaTeX 有大量的擴充套件宏包,並且被用於許多學科領域。這裡我們給出一些示例,不做詳細解釋,但提供了指向 texdoc.org上宏包文件的連結。除非另有說明,這些示例均取自宏包文件。

注意:這裡列出的宏包並不意味著對它們的認可或推薦,我們只是想展示一些本課程中未涉及的領域的小樣本。

化學

宏包: mhchem

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{mhchem}
\begin{document}
\ce{Hg^2+ ->[I-] HgI2 ->[I-] [Hg^{II}I4]^2-}
\end{document}

語言學

宏包: forest

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage[linguistics]{forest}
\begin{document}
\begin{forest}
[VP
  [DP\\John ]
  [V’
    [V\\sent ]
    [DP\\Mary ]
    [DP[D\\a][NP\\letter]]
  ]
]
\end{forest}
\end{document}

國際象棋

宏包: xskak

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{xskak}
\begin{document}
\newchessgame
\mainline{1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6}

\xskakset{moveid=2w}%
\chessboard[setfen=\xskakget{nextfen}]\\[1ex]
Position after 2.\,\xskakget{lan}
\end{document}

詩歌

文件類: memoir

\documentclass{memoir}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\begin{document}
\settowidth{\versewidth}{Nay, nay, I leave thee not,
                                       thou goest too}
\begin{verse}[\versewidth]
\ldots \\*
His judgement rendered, he dissolved the Thing. \\*
\flagverse{Ingeborg} And your decision? \\*
\flagverse{Fridthjof} \vinphantom{And your decision?}

                                   Have I ought to choose? \\*
Is not mine honour bound by his decree? \\*
And that I will redeem through Angantyr \\*
His paltry gold doth hide in Nastrand’s flood. \\*
Today will I depart. \\*
\flagverse{Ingeborg} \vinphantom{Today will I depart.}

                                 And Ingeborg leave? \\*
\flagverse{Fridthjof} Nay, nay, I leave thee not,

                                   thou goest too. \\*
\flagverse{Ingeborg} Impossible! \\*
\flagverse{Fridthjof} \vinphantom{Impossible!}

                                   O! hear me, ere thou answerest.
\end{verse}
\end{document}

繪圖

宏包: tikz

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{perspective}

\begin{document}

\newcommand\simplecuboid[3]{%
\fill[gray!80!white] (tpp cs:x=0,y=0,z=#3)
-- (tpp cs:x=0,y=#2,z=#3)
-- (tpp cs:x=#1,y=#2,z=#3)
-- (tpp cs:x=#1,y=0,z=#3) -- cycle;
\fill[gray] (tpp cs:x=0,y=0,z=0)
-- (tpp cs:x=0,y=0,z=#3)
-- (tpp cs:x=0,y=#2,z=#3)
-- (tpp cs:x=0,y=#2,z=0) -- cycle;
\fill[gray!50!white] (tpp cs:x=0,y=0,z=0)
-- (tpp cs:x=0,y=0,z=#3)
-- (tpp cs:x=#1,y=0,z=#3)
-- (tpp cs:x=#1,y=0,z=0) -- cycle;}
\newcommand{\simpleaxes}[3]{%
\draw[->] (-0.5,0,0) -- (#1,0,0) node[pos=1.1]{$x$};
\draw[->] (0,-0.5,0) -- (0,#2,0) node[pos=1.1]{$y$};
\draw[->] (0,0,-0.5) -- (0,0,#3) node[pos=1.1]{$z$};}
\begin{tikzpicture}[3d view]
   \simplecuboid{2}{2}{2}
   \simpleaxes{2}{2}{2}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

函數繪圖

宏包: pgfplots

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\pgfplotsset{width=7cm,compat=1.17}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[]
      % density of Normal distribution:
      \addplot [
            red,
            domain=-3e-3:3e-3,
            samples=201,
      ]
            {exp(-x^2 / (2e-3^2)) / (1e-3 * sqrt(2*pi))};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

音樂

宏包: musixtex

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{musixtex}

\begin{document}

\begin{music}
\parindent10mm
\instrumentnumber{1}
% a single instrument
\setname1{Piano}
% whose name is Piano
\setstaffs1{2}
% with two staffs
\generalmeter{\meterfrac44}
% 4/4 meter chosen
\startextract
% starting real score
\Notes\ibu0f0\qb0{cge}\tbu0\qb0g|\hl j\en
\Notes\ibu0f0\qb0{cge}\tbu0\qb0g|\ql l\sk\ql n\en
\bar
\Notes\ibu0f0\qb0{dgf}|\qlp i\en
\notes\tbu0\qb0g|\ibbl1j3\qb1j\tbl1\qb1k\en
\Notes\ibu0f0\qb0{cge}\tbu0\qb0g|\hl j\en
\zendextract
% terminate excerpt
\end{music}

\end{document}